AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2025-AMD1 Structural Welding Code—Steel, 25th Edition — Includes July 28, 2026 Errata

About this publication

The AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2025-AMD1 Structural Welding Code—Steel, 25th Edition — Includes July 28, 2026 Errata is the current amended edition of the American Welding Society’s flagship structural steel welding code.

This updated package contains the 2025 25th Edition with Amendment 1 (AMD1) together with the separate AWS Errata Sheet dated July 28, 2026, giving engineers, fabricators, inspectors, welding personnel, contractors, and quality-control professionals the most up-to-date D1.1 reference represented by these AWS publications.

AWS describes D1.1/D1.1M:2025-AMD1 as its premier structural welding code. It establishes requirements for welding structures made from commonly used carbon and low-alloy constructional steels, covering the complete structural welding process from design and qualification through fabrication and final inspection.

AWS D1.1 has been a central structural welding reference for nearly a century. The original AWS structural welding code dates to 1928, and the 2025 publication is the 25th Edition of D1.1. The current amended printing remains organized around 11 principal clauses, with eight normative annexes, eleven informative annexes, and extensive Code Commentary.

The Code establishes requirements involving welded connection design, Welding Procedure Specifications (WPSs), prequalification, procedure qualification, Procedure Qualification Records (PQRs), welder qualification, welding-operator qualification, fabrication, workmanship, inspection, nondestructive examination, stud welding, tubular structures, strengthening, and repair.

For structural engineers, D1.1 provides the welding requirements needed to translate structural design intent into properly executed welded construction. For fabricators, it establishes the rules governing procedures, materials, qualification, workmanship, and production welding. For inspectors, it provides the criteria used to determine whether completed structural welds comply with the applicable AWS requirements.

That combination is why D1.1 is routinely referenced in project specifications, construction contracts, shop requirements, fabrication procedures, welding quality programs, inspection plans, and structural-steel construction documents. AWS specifically identifies qualification, inspection and acceptance, and consistency across shops and job sites as major uses of the Code.

What AMD1 Means

This product is properly designated AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2025-AMD1.

The AMD1 designation means the original 2025 publication received an official technical amendment after publication. AWS identifies the amendment date as January 12, 2026, and the amended document as the second printing, February 2026.

The AWS Amendment Notice supplied with this product is dated February 16, 2026 and identifies:

AWS Standard: D1.1/D1.1M:2025
Amendment Number: 1
Subject: Table 8.1, Visual Inspection Acceptance Criteria

The notice states that the amendment has been incorporated into the February 2026 second printing.

The technical correction affects the undercut acceptance criteria in Table 8.1. Specifically, AWS added the word “no” to clarify the allowable accumulated undercut length for welds shorter than 12 in [300 mm].

This is not merely a spelling correction. AWS defines an amendment as a correction to substantive content in a published standard.

Because Table 8.1 contains visual inspection acceptance criteria, the amendment is directly relevant to:

• AWS Certified Welding Inspectors

• Structural steel fabricators

• QA/QC departments

• Special inspectors

• Welding engineers

• Contractors

• Structural engineers

• Personnel evaluating completed welds

Includes July 28, 2026 AWS Errata

This package also includes the separate AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2025-AMD1 Errata Sheet dated July 28, 2026.

AWS explicitly states that the errata applies to AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2025-AMD1 Structural Welding Code—Steel and that the listed corrections will be incorporated into the next edition.

Unlike AMD1, which corrects substantive approved content, the errata sheet addresses errors introduced during the publication process.

The July 2026 errata includes corrections throughout the Code affecting items such as:

• Cross-references

• Prequalified WPS provisions

• Welding-process requirements

• Qualification tables

• Tubular welding requirements

• Preheat and interpass information

• Commentary references

• Figures

• Tables

• Annex references

• Editorial and technical cross-references

For example, AWS corrects references in Table 5.7, Table 6.11, Table 10.2, and numerous other sections and tables.

The errata also adds Figure C-7.9 — Maximum Heating and Cooling Rates to the Commentary.

Additional corrections continue through the final page of the errata and affect Commentary Sections C-8 and C-10, Annex references, and Table C-10.7.

For organizations maintaining controlled welding-code libraries, the distinction matters:

AMD1 is incorporated into the February 2026 amended printing.

The July 28, 2026 Errata is a separate correction document that should be maintained with the AMD1 standard.

Major Changes Introduced in the 2025 Edition

The underlying 2025 edition itself contains substantial changes from AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2020.

Structural Welding Design

Clause 4 includes revisions involving:

• Base-metal strength

• Filler-metal strength

• Matching filler metals

• Toughness

• Weld strength

• Fillet weld design

• Available strength

• Load and Resistance Factor Design

A major addition is a dedicated LRFD provision in Clause 4.7, together with a new table addressing available strength of welded joints.

Prequalified Welding Procedure Specifications

Clause 5 updates the requirements governing prequalified WPSs, including:

• Base-metal classifications

• Filler metals

• Matching and undermatching strength

• Prequalified welding processes

• Joint details

• Welding variables

• Preheat requirements

• Interpass temperatures

AWS reorganized portions of the prequalification requirements to improve how users locate process-specific requirements.

ASTM A913 Grade 80

The 2025 edition introduced ASTM A913 Grade 80 as a prequalified structural-steel base metal.

AWS identifies A913 Grade 80 as the strongest structural-steel base metal currently approved for prequalified welding under D1.1, with a minimum yield strength of 80 ksi.

This is a significant development for projects using higher-strength structural steels.

Procedure and Personnel Qualification

The Code establishes detailed requirements for:

• WPS qualification

• PQR documentation

• Welder qualification

• Welding-operator qualification

• Tack-welder qualification

• Qualification positions

• Test assemblies

• Mechanical testing

• Macroetch testing

• Qualification ranges

• Essential variables

These requirements help establish that both the procedure and the person performing the welding have demonstrated the qualifications required by the Code.

Fabrication

Fabrication requirements address:

• Joint preparation

• Fit-up

• Assembly

• Welding technique

• Base-metal preparation

• Preheat

• Interpass temperature

• Workmanship

• Weld tabs

• Production welding

• Corrections and repair

• Structural fabrication practices

Inspection and Acceptance

Inspection is one of the most heavily used portions of D1.1.

The Code establishes requirements involving:

• Inspector responsibilities

• Visual inspection

• Weld acceptance criteria

• Magnetic Particle Testing

• Penetrant Testing

• Ultrasonic Testing

• Radiographic examination where applicable

• NDT personnel

• Quality control

• Quality assurance

• Documentation

The refinement of inspection criteria is one of the areas AWS specifically identifies as important in the 2025 edition.

Stud Welding

D1.1 contains dedicated requirements governing structural stud welding, including qualification, production, inspection, and acceptance.

The 2025 edition also expands requirements involving Type D studs.

Tubular Structures

Specialized provisions address welded tubular construction, including:

• Tubular members

• Pipe sections

• Box sections

• T-connections

• Y-connections

• K-connections

• Tubular joint details

• Qualification

• Fabrication

• Inspection

Strengthening and Repair

AWS D1.1 also contains provisions and guidance applicable to the strengthening and repair of existing welded structural steel, making it useful for rehabilitation and modification projects as well as new construction.

Code Organization

AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2025-AMD1 contains 11 principal clauses governing structural welding.

The Code also includes:

• 8 normative annexes

• 11 informative annexes

• Extensive Code Commentary

• Qualification information

• Welding forms

• Supporting tables

• Technical figures

• Inspection criteria

AWS confirms that the annexes and Commentary remain part of the AMD1 publication.

Why This Standard Matters

AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2025-AMD1 with July 2026 Errata is an essential working reference for:

• Structural engineers

• Welding engineers

• AWS Certified Welding Inspectors

• Steel fabricators

• Structural steel erectors

• Connection designers

• Welding supervisors

• QA/QC personnel

• Special inspectors

• NDT technicians

• Welding procedure developers

• Structural steel detailers

• General contractors

• Building officials

• Engineering consultants

• Fabrication shops

• Welding educators and students

• Organizations maintaining structural welding quality programs

Product Features

• Official AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2025-AMD1

• 25th Edition

• Current amended D1.1 designation

• Includes Amendment 1

• AMD1 incorporated into the February 2026 second printing

• Includes the official July 28, 2026 AWS Errata

• Covers structural welding of commonly used carbon and low-alloy steels

• Covers welded connection design

• Covers LRFD and applicable structural weld strength provisions

• Covers prequalified WPSs

• Covers Welding Procedure Specifications

• Covers Procedure Qualification Records

• Covers procedure qualification

• Covers welder qualification

• Covers welding-operator qualification

• Covers tack-welder qualification

• Covers fabrication

• Covers workmanship

• Covers preheat and interpass temperatures

• Covers weld inspection

• Covers visual acceptance criteria

• Covers MT, PT, UT, and applicable NDT

• Covers stud welding

• Covers tubular structures

• Covers strengthening and repair

• Includes 8 normative annexes

• Includes 11 informative annexes

• Includes extensive Commentary

• Updated for current structural welding materials and practices

Exactly What Is Included

AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2025-AMD1

The 25th Edition Structural Welding Code—Steel, with Amendment 1 incorporated into the February 2026 second printing.

Amendment 1

The technical amendment applies to Table 8.1 Visual Inspection Acceptance Criteria and corrects the undercut requirement for certain welds shorter than 12 in [300 mm].

July 28, 2026 AWS Errata

A separate AWS errata document identifying corrections applicable to the AMD1 edition and intended for incorporation into the next edition.

There are two post-publication update components: AMD1 and the July 2026 Errata. The February 16 Amendment Notice is the notice for AMD1, not an additional third update.

Product Details

Title: AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2025-AMD1 Structural Welding Code—Steel
Publisher: American Welding Society (AWS)
Edition: 25th Edition
Designation: AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2025-AMD1
Original Edition Year: 2025
ANSI Approval: March 19, 2025
Amendment 1 Date: January 12, 2026
AWS Amendment Notice: February 16, 2026
AMD1 Printing: Second Printing — February 2026
AWS Errata: July 28, 2026
Print ISBN: 978-1-64322-432-9
PDF ISBN: 978-1-64322-433-6
Approximate Main Code Length: 646 pages
Previous Edition: AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2020
Language: English
Status: Current amended edition
Prepared By: AWS D1 Committee on Structural Welding
Subject: Structural Welding / Structural Steel / WPS / PQR / Welder Qualification / Fabrication / Welding Inspection / NDT